Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers, Especially Fibrinogen to Albumin Ratio, Predict Prognosis in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

Purpose@#Systemic inflammatory response is a critical factor that promotes the initiation and metastasis of malignancies including pancreatic cancer (PC). This study was designed to determine and compare the prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) in resectable PC and locally advanced or metastatic PC. @*Materials and Methods@#Three hundred fifty-three patients with resectable PC and 807 patients with locally advan-ced or metastatic PC were recruited in this study. These patients were classified into a training set (n=758) and a validation set (n=402). Kaplan-Meier survival plots and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze prognosis. @*Results@#Overall survival (OS) was significantly better for patients with resectable PC with low preoperative PLR (p=0.048) and MLR (p=0.027). Low FAR, MLR, NLR (p < 0.001), and PLR (p=0.003) were significantly associated with decreased risk of death for locally advanced or metastatic PC patients. FAR (hazard ratio [HR], 1.522; 95% confidential interval [CI], 1.261 to 1.837; p < 0.001) and MLR (HR, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.017 to 1.532; p=0.034) were independent prognostic factors for locally advanced or metastatic PC. @*Conclusion@#The prognostic roles of FAR, MLR, NLR, and PLR in resectable PC and locally advanced or metastatic PC were different. FAR showed the most prognostic power in locally advanced or metastatic PC. Low FAR was positively correlated with OS in locally advanced or metastatic PC, which could be used to predict the prognosis.

Laparoscopy and short poly FURS for treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction combined with renal stones / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopy and short poly FURS in treatment of UPJO combined with renal stones. Methods From May 2014 to November 2016, 20 patients with ureteropelvic junction stricture in our hospital were treated with Laparoscopy and short poly FURS lithotripsy, the clinical data of the patients before and after operation were retrospectively analyzed. Results The patients in this group were successfully operated in stage I, and the hemoglobin descent rate did not change significantly before and after operation. No need of blood transfusion, the first day after the review of urinary tract plain film observed DJ tube position, postoperative back to hospital in March pulled out of DJ tube, postoperative follow-up 6 months to 1 year, the patient recovered well, no long-term complications. Conclusion Laparoscopy and short poly FURS lithotripsy, has satisfactory effects and no significant complications which should be promoted.

Transurethral resection of the prostate for urinary retention after seed implantation for prostate cancer: report of 2 cases / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in the treatment of urinary retention following seed implantation for prostate cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We treated 2 cases of urinary retention following seed implantation for prostate cancer by TURP, and analyzed their clinical data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The operations were successful in both of the cases, with mean operation time of 60 min. Postoperative nocturnal urination of the patients averaged 2 times per night as compared with 5 - 6 times per night preoperatively, and their scores on IPSS and quality of life were significantly improved after surgery.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TURP affords satisfactory results in the treatment of urinary retention following seed implantation for prostate cancer patients.</p>

Diagnosis and treatment of primary epididymal tumor: a report of 35 cases / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the diagnosis and treatment of primary epididymal tumor.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 35 cases of pathologically confirmed primary epididymal tumor. Of the total number of patients, 10 underwent tumor excision, 23 received epididymectomy, 1 was treated by simple orchidoepididymectomy, and by radical orchidoepididymectomy with second-stage retroperitoneal lymph node dissection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Postoperative pathology confirmed 33 cases of benign tumor (including 21 adenomatoid tumor, 7 leiomyoma, 4 fibroma, and 1 papillary cystadenoma), and 2 cases of malignancy (1 malignant fibrous histiocytoma and 1 adenocarcinoma). The follow-up lasted 10 months to 6 years, which revealed no recurrence, metastasis and death.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Primary epididymal tumor is difficult to be definitely diagnosed preoperatively. Surgical exploration is the first choice for those highly suspected of the disease. Tumor excision or epididymectomy can be considered for benign cases, while radical orchidoepididymectomy with retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is recommended in case of malignancy.</p>

TRUS-guided transperineal biopsy with 9 + X method for the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma: retrospective analysis of 420 cases / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical value and safety of TRUS-guided transperineal biopsy with the 9 + X method in the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 420 men underwent TRUS-guided transperineal biopsy with the 9 + X method for suspected prostate carcinoma. Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Prostate carcinoma was detected in 160 (38.1%) of the 420 cases, accounting for 7.4%, 17.8% and 65.4% in those with PSA < 4.0 microg/L, 4 -10 microg/L and > 10 microg/L respectively, 25.0% in those with abnormal findings on digital rectal examination (DRE), and 22.2% in those with abnormal echoes on TRUS or abdominal ultrasound examination. Complications after prostatic biopsy included gross hematuria in 79 cases (18.8%), acute urinary retention in 13 (3.1%) and fever in 9 (2.1%), but no other serious complications were observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TRUS-guided transperineal biopsy with the 9 + X method, with high accuracy and fewer complications, is an ideal approach to the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma.</p>

Association between calcium-sensing receptor protein expression and rat cardiomyocyte apoptosis / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between calcium-sensing receptor protein (CaSR) expression and rat cardiomyocyte apoptosis and related signal transduction pathways.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The CaSR, BCl2, Caspase3 protein and ERK1/2 phosphorylation or non-phosphorylation were detected by Western blot. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CaSR protein was detected in rat cardiac tissue and CaSR activator gadolinium (GdCl3) induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation and expression of BCl2 and activated Caspase3. The selective mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor PD98059 abolished gadolinium -induced ERK1/2 activation and BCl2 expression, further increased the activation of Caspase3 and cardiomyocyte apoptosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our results demonstrate the CaSR existence in cardiomyocytes and CaSR activation by gadolinium can induce myocyte apoptosis by activating Caspase3 and tyrosine protein kinase pathway.</p>

Effects of resveratrol on isolated thoracic aorta rings of rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relaxative characteristics of resveratrol on thoracic aortic artery in the rat and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>We perfused the isolated rings and observed the response of NA-induced artery contraction to resveratrol under the Ca2+-contained and Ca2+-free bath solutions. In the same way were the effect of reveratrol on the vascular smooth muscle observed by adding two different concentration of KCl (30 and 80 mmol x L(-1)), and the effect on the contraction of the vascular smooth muscle depending on the intracellular calcium and extracellular calcium were also observed by adding NA. We also observed the effect of resveratrol on the contraction of rings induced by NA in the presence of L-NNA and Glibenclamide.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Resveratrol relaxed rat aorta rings precontracted by NA in a dose-dependent manner. The relaxant effect of resveratrol on the rat rings of endothelium-denuded group was reduced compared with that of endothelium-intact group; the relaxant effect of resveratrol on rat rings was higher under the condition of Ca2+-free bath solution than that under the condition of Ca2+-contained bath solution. Resveratrol had a repressive effect on the aorta's contraction induced by intracellular calcium, but had no effect induced by extracellular calcium. Resveratrol relaxed the contractions induced by KCl 30 mmol x L(-1) as well as KCl 80 mmol x L(-1), but the contraction curve of KCl 80 mmol x L(-1) was shifted upward significantly. In the L-NNA group, the relaxant effect was attenuated by (26.0 +/- 4.6) %; but there was no change in the group of Glibenclamide ( P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results indicate that resveratrol relaxes vascular smooth muscle in an endothelium dependent manner. The mechanisms for this phenomenon seem to be related with promoting synthesis and release of NO, opening Ca2+ activated K+ channel (KCa channel) as well as the inhibition of Ca2+ influx and release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores.</p>